Armstrong Axiom

  • Reflexivity rule. If α is a set of attributes and β ⊆ α, then α → β holds.
  • Augmentation rule. If α → β holds and γ is a set of attributes, then γα → γβholds.
  • Transitivity rule. If α → β holds and β → γ holds, then α → γ holds.
  • Union rule. If α → β holds and α → γ holds, then α → βγ holds.
  • Decomposition rule. If α → βγ holds, then α → β holds and α → γ holds.
  • Pseudotransitivity rule. If α → β holds and γβ → δ holds, then αγ → δ holds.