Networking Error

Detection

Each layer has its own error detection: the end-to-end principle

Checksum

• IP prepend a checksum
• IP, UDP, TCP use one’s complement checksum

CRC (Cyclic Redundancy Code)

• Ethernet append a CRC
• Good for detection, catch any 2 bits error, odd number of bit error or any burst $\le$ c bits long.

MAC (Message Authentication Code)

• TLS append MAC
• Robust to malicious modifications, but not errors

Handling

• Wireless network error handling?

Links

• TCP Retransmission